Chapter 19 – FAMILIA MUNDIAL
1 [4] Cruel master: the king of Assyria.
2 [11,13] Zoan, later known as Tanis, and Memphis (in Hebrew, Noph) were the key cities of the Nile Delta.
3 [15] Head or tail, palm branch or reed: the leaders or the people; cf ⇒ Isaiah 9:13, ⇒ 14.
4 [18] Five cities: colonies of Jews living together and speaking their languages, Hebrew and Aramaic; cf Jer 43. City of the Sun: the meaning is uncertain, but the reference seems to be to the city known later as Heliopolis.